Exhaust nozzle for locomotives



Dec. 5, 1939. F H, ARROLL 2,182,370

EXHAUST NOZZLE FOR LOCOMOTIVES Filed March 14, 1938 INVENTO R,

T'RID H- (HR VOL L Patented Dec. 5, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Fred H. Carroll, Jacksonville, Fla... assignor of one-half to George P. Koelliker, Jacksonville,

Fla.

Application March 14, 1938, Serial No. 195,838

3 Olaims.

This invention relates to improvements in eX- haust nozzles for locomotives, traction engines, etc., the function of which nozzles is to regulate the velocity of the exhaust steam up through the stack of the locomotive so as to produce sufficient intensity of draft through the fire without causing too great an amount of back pressure in the cylinders. As is well known, actual size of exhaust nozzles for locomotives is governed by their m size of cylinders, their grate area, the percentage of air admitted through openings in the grates, the rate of combustion, the volume of exhaust steam and last but not least the kind and quality of the fuel burnt. When the grade of fuel for which a nozzle has been designed varies, then the nozzle action, to wit, equalization of the draftefiect of the nozzle tip over the full area of the vacuum chamber also varies, causes undesirable back pressure in the cylinders followed by substantial increase in fuel and water consumption, and effects fire-throwing, especially with certain kinds of coal.

The primary object of the present invention is an exhaust nozzle for a locomotive which nozzle overcomes this deficiency in currently used exhaust nozzles by providing the nozzle with a primary exhaust passage, adapted to be coupled with the exhaust stand of the cylinders of a locomotive, a secondary exhaust passage encircling said first passage and in communication therewith and tubular means radically extended from said secondary exhaust passage and in communication therewith, which means are adapted to directly communicate with the smoke box of a locomotive.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an exhaust nozzle having two axially aligned exhaust passages, one of which passages encircles the other one and is in communication therewith, and tubular means communicating with and radially extending from the outer one of said exhaust passages, which tubular means being adapted to freely communicate with the smoke box of a locomotive so as to effect equalization of draft in the front end of a locomotive and sufficient cleaning of the front end without danger of fire-throwing by too extensive draft.

With these and incidental objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combination of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth in the appended claims; and a preferred form of embodiment of the invention is hereinafter shown with reference to the drawing accompanying and forming part of this specification.

through the exhaust nozzle shown in Fig. 1, the 0 section being taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing, reference numeral 2 designates the tubular body of my improved exhaust nozzle. Body 2 embodies a cylindrical axial passage 3, the inner 1'5:

exhaust passage of the nozzle, and has arranged between its opposite ends an outwardly extending circumferential flange 4, which flange is pro vided with a plurality of symmetrically distributed bolt openings 5. The upper part of the wall of 20 body 2, that is the part above flange 4, is slightly decreasing in thickness, thus forming a slightly cone-shaped upper body portion 6. This upper body portion carries at its outer upper edge I a plurality of outwardly extending lugs 8 having substantially triangular shape. These lugs are symmetrically arranged with respect to each other and provide spreader or bridge means adapted to roughen the exhaust jet of the secondary exhaust passage, as will be hereinafter de- 30 scribed.

Flange 4 of body 2 is surmounted by a flanged, hollow, slightly cone-shaped, open nozzle cap 9, the circular, outwardly extending flange ll) of which rests upon flange 4 and is secured thereto 35 by means of stud bolts ll. These bolts are screwed into flange l0 and extend through the bolt springs 5 in flange 4, and nut members l2 on bolts H tightly connect body 2 and cap 9.

As shown, flange 4 on body 2 is so arranged 40 that the upper edge I4 of the open cap 9 extends a substantial distance above the upper edge 1 of body 2 so as to form an unobstructed cone-shaped open chamber or outlet passage I5 in the upper part of the exhaust nozzle. This passage ad- 45 joins the cylindrical axial passage 3 in body 2 and also adjoins an annular chamber I6, forming a secondary outlet passage. This chamber I6 is enclosed by the wall of body portion 6 and the wall I! of nozzle cap 9, and therefore forms an 5 annular passage with decreasing cross section. The ring-shaped outlet l8 of which is bridged and roughened by the lugs 8, which are preferably provided with inclined outer faces [9 and dimensioned so that the lugs contact with the 55 passage.

I inclined wall I! of the open nozzle cap 9, when flanges 4 and Ill rest upon each other. Passage 3 and annular passage l6, both communicate with cone-shaped outlet passage l5, and therefore have a common outlet, and each of these passages 3 and I6 have individual inlets. The inlet of passage 3 is arranged at the lower end of said The inlet of annular passage i6 is formed by a plurality of circular openings 20 in the wall ll of the nozzle cap 9. Each of the openings 2c is threaded and has connected therewith a pipe section or tubular extension 2| radially extended from the nozzle, so that annular passage Hi is provided with a plurality of inlet openings spaced a substantial distance from the body 2 of the nozzle. The length of each pipe section 2|, which may readily be exchanged as all pipe sections are removably connected with cap 9, de-

.termines the suction in secondary outlet passage l6.

When the body 2 of the exhaust nozzle is attached to the exhaust outlet stand or" a loco-motive and exhaust steam flows through passage 3 into the cone-shaped outlet passage [5, then the venturi action of the nozzle creates suction in said passage i5, which suction draws smoke and combustion gas from the smoke box of the 1000- motive through the pipe sections 2! into the chamber or annular passage It, and hence, with accelerated velocity through the ring-shaped, bridged outlet 58 into the passage [5 for discharge with the exhaust steam or vapor.

This suction action and the pressure action of the steam forced through passage 3 of the nozzle body 2 permit of proper control of the capacity of the nozzle tip with the use of a draught sheet by mere change of the number and length of pipe sections 2!, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1 at 22. Such an arrangement brings the inlet openings of the annular passage i 6 to areas of the smoke box in which the velocity of the smoke and the combustion gases is different, it being well understood that such velocity of the combustion gases and smoke currents varies in different areas of said box due to temperature diiferences in said box and dif ferences in its cross section.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. An exhaust nozzle for locomotives comprising a flanged tubular member having a plurality of outwardly extending lugs at its upper edge, a second flanged tubular member of larger diameter than said first member partly sleeved over said first member for encircling same and circumferentially spaced therefrom by said lugs, said second member being supported by its flange upon the flange of said first member and provided with a plurality of openings in its circumferential wall, and a plurality of short, openended pipe sections seated in the openings of said wall and radially extending therefrom.

2. An exhaust nozzle for locomotives comprising an axial nozzle passage, a ring-shaped nozzle passage encircling said axial nozzle passage, a common outlet passage for said two passages arranged adjacent thereto, an individual inlet for said axial nozzle passage, a plurality of inlets for said ring-shaped passage and short, straight, open-ended pipe sections secured in said inlets and radially extending irom'said ring-shaped passage.

3. An emaust nozzle forlocomotives comprising a tubular member having a circumferential flange intermediate its opposite ends, a second tubular member of larger diameter than said first member having a circumferential flange at its lower end partly sleeved over said first member for encircling same in spaced relation, said second member being supported with its flange upon the flange of said first member, a plurality of inlets radially arranged in the peripheral wall of said second tubular member, and a plurality of straight, open-ended pipe sections radially extending from the inlets of said second tubular member for communication with the ring-shaped space between said two tubular members.

FRED H. CARROIL. 

